Cardiology
A cardiology assessment may be advised if changes are found on routine examination, such as a heart murmur or irregular rhythm, or because a pet is showing symptoms that may be caused by heart disease. Occasionally a cardiology assessment is recommended to confirm the heart is healthy prior to starting a medication, such as some types of chemotherapy.
Several methods are used to examine the heart, the most common being echocardiography (echo) which is an ultrasound scan of the heart. It allows direct assessment of the chambers and valves that make up the heart, as well as measurement of the contractility, blood flow and valve function.
Many vets can perform a basic echo for example, to determine whether an unwell patient is in heart failure, however investigation of complex cardiac disease is preferably performed by vets with a higher level of training. This may be a vet with a particular interest in cardiology, a vet who has undertaken a certificate in cardiology (often gaining Advanced Practitioner status), or a recognised specialist.
What happens during a cardiology assessment?
Usually, you will be asked to leave your pet at the practice for a period while the investigations are performed. Once the cardiologist has completed the diagnostic tests, they will be able to explain the changes in your pet's heart, whether treatment is required, and advise you of the expected progression of any disease present.
An echo (heart scan) is performed with the animal awake or under light sedation. It requires some hair to be clipped from the chest but is not painful. Your pet will be asked to lie on a cushioned table in a dark room; it is not uncommon for pets to fall asleep during the scan!
